Positive integers, including zero, can be represented as unsigned numbers. However, digital systems, such as the computer, must be able to handle both positive and negative numbers. To represent negative integers, we need a notation for negative values. In ordinary…
Binary to Octal and Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion for Fractional Number
In a recent article, we have seen how to convert a binary number to its corresponding octal as well as hexadecimal number. However, in that article, we have considered the conversions for only the whole numbers. In this article, we…
What is Design for Debug (DFD)
Post-silicon debug (or post-silicon validation) is one of the important phase of the system design cycle. This is performed to capture the escaped design bugs from the pre-silicon verification phase. The major challenge associated with the post-silicon debug is the…
What are Observability and Controllability
Observability and Controllability are the terms that are frequently used for system validation. To validate a design, you must zero down all the existing functional bugs. Now, how to remove a bug from your design? For this, you need to…
Decimal to Binary Conversion for Fractional Number
In a recent article, we have seen how to convert any number system from decimal. However, there, we have only considered the whole numbers. In this article, we considered the decimal to binary conversion for the fractional number. Technique Consider…
Binary to Decimal Conversion for Fractional Number
In an earlier post, we have seen that how to convert any number system to decimal number system. However, that article presents the conversions only for the whole numbers. In this article, we will consider the fractional number system conversion.…
Octal to Hexadecimal Conversion and Vice Versa
In this post, we will be learning how to convert octal to hexadecimal and hexadecimal to octal numbers. Following is the technique for these conversions. Technique Use binary as an intermediary Group binary bits into four for hexadecimal conversion Group…
What are the Difference Between System-on-Chip (SoC) and Test Chip
Integrated circuits (ICs) have revolutionized the world of electronics by enabling the creation of highly complex and compact devices. Two common types of ICs are system-on-chip (SoC) and test chip. While both types of ICs have a similar design, their…
AND and OR gate using CMOS Technology
In an earlier post, NAND and NOR gate using CMOS Technology, we have seen the implementation of 2 input NAND and NOR gate using CMOS technology. In this article, we will discuss how to implement 2 input AND and OR…
Binary to Octal & Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion
We have already seen octal to binary and hexadecimal to binary conversion in an earlier article. In this post, we will be learning how to convert binary to octal and binary to hexadecimal numbers. Following is the technique for these…