Category: Digital Electronics

Understanding Reset Signals in Digital Design: Types, Pros & Cons, and Best Practices

June 30, 2025June 30, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

In digital design, the reset signal is one of the most fundamental control signals. It ensures that your digital circuits start in a known, stable state before normal operation begins. Whether you’re designing a simple flip-flop or a complex processor, understanding resets is crucial for reliable and predictable behavior. In this post, we’ll explore: Why Do We…

Digital Electronics, Verilog

Logic Levels in Digital Circuits

March 20, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

In digital systems, any signal value is represented in binary form (either logic ‘0’ state or logic ‘1’ state). To represent these two logic states, two different levels of voltage or two different levels of current are considered. Here, we will consider voltage for understanding. You can also consider current in the same way. If…

Digital Electronics

Hamming Codes

March 20, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

Hamming Code is yet another error detection and correction code. In this code, the parity bits are added to increase the Hamming distance between the valid code words. Here, the parity bits are arranged in a way that different error bits produce different error results. This enables the Hamming Code to both detect and localize…

What are Code Words in case of Error Detection and Correction

March 20, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

A system that uses error-detecting code generates, transmits, and stores data in the form of code words. So, the correct data must be a valid code word. It is expected that the presence of an error in a data bit stream would make it a non code word, and thereby it would be easy to…

Digital Electronics

Hamming Distance

March 19, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

Hamming distance between two bit-strings of equal length is the number of bit positions at which they are different. In other words, Hamming distance is the number of mismatches at the same bit position between two same-length words. For example: Consider two 3-bit code words, 000 and 001. Here, the Hamming distance is 1, as…

Parity Code for Error Detection

March 18, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

One of the most common ways to achieve error detection is by means of parity code. A parity code is generated by adding an extra parity bit (information redundancy) to the string of data bits. There are two types of parity, such as even parity and odd parity. A given system operates with either even…

Digital Electronics

Error Detection and Correction Codes

March 18, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

Data errors in a digital system can happen due to faults in the transceiver system or noise during the transmission. Such errors need to be detected and corrected, as digital systems are sensitive to such errors. The presence of data errors beyond a threshold can lead to catastrophic situations if not taken care of immediately….

Digital Electronics

Applications of Gray Code

March 18, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

Gray code is considered beneficial for multiple electromechanical applications due to its error resilience property. This is achieved due to the single-bit change from one code word to the adjacent next code word. This article lists down a few more applications of Gray code. Reference: Maini, Anil K. Digital electronics: principles, devices and applications. John…

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Digital Electronics

Binary to Gray Code Conversion and Vice Versa

March 18, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

In this article, we will learn about the conversion of binary to Gray code and vice versa. You can refer to the gray code table, where we have already shown the gray codes of 3-bit numbers, that is, the decimal numbers from 0 to 7. In this article, we will learn the conversion techniques so…

Digital Electronics

Use of Gray code in a Mechanical Encoding Disc

March 18, 2023June 19, 2025 vlsifacts No Comments

Gray code is beneficial for multiple electromechanical applications of digital systems, such as shaft position encoders, autonomous braking systems, copiers etc. In all these applications, an input sensor produces a digital value that indicates a mechanical position. When continuous or analog information is converted to digital form, as in the case of the above applications,…

Digital Electronics